What is data normalization in databases?

• A. A method for increasing redundancy
• B. A process to organize a database
• C. Dividing data into unrelated tables
• D. A technique for data encryption

Answer: (B)

Data normalization refers to the process of organizing a database in such a way that reduces redundancy and improves data integrity. By structuring a database through normalization, data is divided into related tables, ensuring that each piece of information is stored only once, which minimizes the chances of data anomalies when changes are made. This typically involves dividing larger tables into smaller ones and defining relationships among them. The ultimate goal is to create a more efficient database structure that allows for easier data management and retrieval.

This choice captures the essence of data normalization as it encompasses both the logical organization of data and the systematic approach taken to improve the database's design. Other options, such as increasing redundancy or focusing solely on encryption, do not accurately represent the objectives of normalization.